Joint problems can occur at a very different age, regardless of the sexual person. This factor significantly reduces the quality of life and limits the degree of mobility of the joints and limbs, offering multiple inconveniences and pain. Very often, diseases of the musculoskeletal system have a genetically determined and age -related nature. According to statistics, after the beginning of 50 years, the risk of arthrosis and arthritis increases 5 times.
Very often, the people of the elderly and professional athletes face arthrosis. This disease is a real problem, as it triggers irreversible processes in cartilage and joints, which leads to a serious degenerative destruction. In the absence of a high quality and timely treatment, the pathology progresses, destroying healthy tissues and making the limb less mobile.
Concept
What is arthrosis for medical definitions? How dangerous is human health disease and is it possible to completely recover from this disorder?
Arthosis is a specific joint disease, which is degenerative dystrophic. The occurrence of the disease implies a gradual and slow design of cartilage and joint. Destruction occurs from the inside, causing irreversible global changes in the joint ends of the bones.
The peculiarity and danger of arthrosis reside in its slow progression. It is quite difficult to detect the problem in the initial stages, since in reality it does not manifest itself symptomatically. With arthrosis, inflammation is observed, which, under the influence of a series of pathogenic factors, progresses and improves. Therefore, in the future, the joints and cartilage undergo the degeneration of the periosteric tissues and begin to collapse.
Arthosis is an extremely common disease that occurs in every fifth person in the world. This frequent incidence is associated not only with an increase in people's average life expectancy, but also with a deterioration of the environmental state, diet and environmental working conditions. In recent decades, arthrosis has significantly "younger". Therefore, doctors started meeting more and more often when the disease manifested themselves in people whose age is not exceeded 30 years.
The reasons for the development of arthrosis
The most common cause of arthrosis is a violation of the normal metabolism inside the cartilage. A similar failure leads to the fact that the cartilage of the joint begins to lose its strength and elasticity. This is this moment that radically affects the mobility of the joint, its performance and its resistance. As the "functioning" properties of the fabric are lost, arthrosis begins to progress inexorably.
It is worth noting that failure in the metabolism does not occur by chance. Mechanical and biological factors can contribute to this. Doctors identify the following most common reasons:
- inheritance;
- hormonal imbalance;
- excessive physical activity;
- psoriasis;
- serious injuries;
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
Important! Very often, arthrosis occurs due to regular and strong physical effort, which can face athletes, mines, mechanics. The irregular load exerts excessive pressure on the cartilage, which begins to wash, collapse and lose the softening properties.
Further reasons should be attributed that cause a joint disease:
- bad and unbalanced nutrition;
- obesity, overweight;
- thyroid dysfunction;
- hypothermia;
- tuberculosis;
- encephalitis;
- regular colds;
- syphilis;
- gonorrhea;
- age after 50 years;
- intoxication;
- autoimmune diseases;
- Purulent arthritis;
- haemophilia;
- The blood flow to the head of the femoral bones is lacking.
Important!Various infections, for example intestinal or urinary nature, are also able to cause arthrosis. The treatment of infectious arthrosis is carried out according to an individual scheme and aims to suppress the focus of the infection.
The causes of arthrosis can also be in genetic failures, that is to say:
- The disease called Bushar Knots can be inherited. People at risk are shown a regular exam by a preventive doctor and therapy.
- Errata training of joints and cartilage in the period of intrauterine development. Therefore, there is a rapid destruction of the joints, which leads to dysplasia.
- Collagen mutations. There is a rapid destruction of connective tissue, cartilage.
Important! The joint is observed due to the partial or abundant loss of proteoglycans. A similar phenomenon occurs in the presence of fairly significant cracks in the cartilage or due to insufficient production of lubricants.
Symptoms
Artosis and its symptoms depend directly on the type of disorder, as well as the degree of abandonment. As you know, in the initial stages, the disease does not declare itself in any way. A low intensity is associated with a low loss of proteoglycans.
The first and the main symptom that indicates the presence of arthrosis is unpleasant, painful and obsessive joint pain. The discomfort of pomi in a painful joint lowers and sometimes intensifies with a strong change over time. As worsening, the pain becomes more stable and stronger, sometimes depriving a sick person even appetite and sleeps. The painful joint over time begins to change, deform, swell. In addition, a person's state is complicated by these symptoms:
- Reduction of activity and mobility - arthrosis in the joints occurs in the form of a bond, which significantly limits a person in normal and full movement. A person has the feeling that a painful limb has increased several times in weight and has lost his sensitivity.
- The crystal - In the presence of arthrosis, it stands out for its clarity and "dryness". Often this symptom causes discomfort. A similar condition occurs due to a decrease in the softness of the rotation of the bones.
- Redness - In some cases, the inflammation of the sick articulation occurs as a change in the color of the upper skin of the skin. As a rule, this indicates the abandonment of the state, as well as a significant deformation of the joint.
Important! The intensity of joint pain has almost always improved at night, as well as after physical work. The unpleasant pain disappears after taking painkillers, as well as after a short rest.
Phases
Answering a question about osteoarthritis: what it is, it must be understood that this disease is not completely cared for. The disorder can be retained and maintained throughout life, providing a quality of normal and worthy life.
The success of the treatment of arthrosis depends directly on its stadium. First it is the patient who contacts the doctor with his problem, the more possibilities he must obtain a stable and prolonged recovery. Arthosis is divided into these phases:
- The initial phase is characterized by the smallest manifestation of symptoms. It does not interfere with the normal functioning of the joints, although it makes it very difficult. This phase of the disease is characterized by the presence of rigidity in the movements in the morning, light pain, rare crunch.
- The second stage: the disease significantly prevents the performance of daily work. In this form, the disease acquires a more acute character. During the movements, you feel a distinct creak in the joint, the pain is pronounced. A violation of the normal biomechanics of the joint is observed, but the relative mobility is preserved.
- The third phase - is characterized by a loss of performance and mobility of the joints. In this case, there is a serious deformation and destruction of the joint. The patient is worried about severe pain, the breadth of movements is seriously limited. The muscle tissue is largely worsened.
- The fourth phase is the final and most serious phase of the disease, which is characterized by the complete destruction of the joint and by a violation of its functionality. This form of arthrosis is distinguished by the global pain syndrome, the complete lack of mobility of the painful limb.
Important! In the initial stages, patients show a conservative treatment, which is based on drug therapy, diet and special gymnastics. With advanced stages of arthrosis, surgery is indicated, which provides for the implantation of an artificial prosthesis.
Diagnostic studies
Detailed diagnostics and laboratory tests allow you to determine the presence of an accurate diagnosis, establish its shape and type. With arthrosis, the following types of research are shown:
- THE HISTORY OF ANAMNESE - The doctor is interested in patient health, establishes the nature and intensity of the symptoms, determines the time of the appearance of the first signs of the disease;
- Radiography - helps to determine the condition of the joints, reveals the narrowing of the joint gap, the occurrence of osteophytes, seals, deformation;
- Blood test: detect the speed and degree of deduction of red blood cells.
Important! In addition, the doctor can appoint CT and magnetic resonance imaging. In some cases the analysis of synovial fluid and histological analysis are indicated.
Treatment of osteoarthritis
How to treat arthrosis can only be resolved by a doctor. Therapy in the initial stages should take pathogenetic and complex treatment methods. It should help eliminate inflammation, suppress the degenerative process and restore the work functions of the joint.
Effective and effective treatment includes the following principles:
- Lack of excessive loads;
- following the orthopedic regime;
- Medical physical education and passage of special massage courses;
- Visit the sanatoriums;
- physiotherapy;
- Oxygen therapy - saturation of painful joints with oxygen;
- The appointment of the internal block.
Important! The car -mediation is unacceptable in case of suspicion of arthrosis. The uncontrolled drug, as well as the improper use of the popular remedies of medicine, cannot only worsen the inflammatory process and accelerate the destruction of the cartilage tissue.
How to treat arthrosis? The treatment of this disorder is based on these drugs:
- Anti -inflammatory: it slows down the course of the disease, relieves pain, which helps to significantly improve the well -being and quality of life of a sick person. For optimal treatment, non -pounded anti -inflammatory drugs are used.
- Hormonal - are used in the acute phase of osteoarthritis. They help to suppress pain syndrome and improve general well -being.
- Protections - Restore cartilage, contribute to the improvement of the composition of the synovial fluid.
Important! In particularly difficult cases of illness, doctors prescribe analgesic drugs to the patient. These drugs are used only if standard therapy has not brought the desired results.
Nutrition
In addition to the high quality treatment, no less important is occupied by proper nutrition with such a specific disorder as arthrosis. In case of illness, it is extremely necessary to eat fully and useful.
If the patient has an excess weight, then everything must be done to reduce it. This will help to relieve the useless load on the joints and to guarantee their fastest recovery. Even in the absence of extra kilograms, it is necessary to eat correctly. From the daily diet you have to exclude:
- fast carbohydrates;
- alcohol;
- condiments;
- sweets;
- Fatty and spicy dishes.
The emphasis must be placed on this food;
- fish;
- lowly meat fat varieties;
- Acid products -Milk;
- vegetables;
- fruit;
- grain;
- seafood.
With arthrosis, doctors advise you to eat gelatin. Of course, this must be done in reasonable quantities. These passages are a warehouse of important trace elements and vitamins. In addition, Jelly contributes to the restoration of the cartilage. However, it is recommended to prepare this product independently. So you will probably be sure of its absolute naturalness and utility.
Possible complications
Ignore the symptoms leads to irreversible consequences. The lack of treatment always causes the complete destruction of the joint and also causes changes in the spine in biomechanics. The main complications of arthrosis include:
- complete destruction of the joint;
- joint deformation;
- lack of human mobility;
- The occurrence of hernias,
- Development of degeneration in healthy joints;
- a significant reduction in the quality of life;
- Get disability.
In order to prevent the appearance of deteriorations and a significant deformation of cartilage and joints, it is necessary to provide the patient who receives high quality and highly qualified medical care. This will stop the degenerative processes and guarantee the conservation of the bone and the joint integrity.
Forecast
The prognosis for joint disease depends directly on several factors, that is to say:
- type of disorder;
- module;
- The level of quality of therapy.
With a timely detected disease, the patient can count on a positive result, which will preserve the articulation in a mobile state. However, it should be remembered that even with a neglected state of arthrosis, the patient can count on a positive result due to the prostheses.
Preventive measures
The prevention of osteoarthritis, like many other diseases of the musculoskeletal system, involves the regulation of their lifestyle. It's worth it:
- excess weight prevention;
- exclusion of a serious physical effort;
- Power adjustment;
- lack of stressful factors;
- Timely treatment of the acute stage of the disease.
The treatment of arthrosis and its prevention are the aggregate concepts that should be articulated if a person wants to maintain control of his disorder, live a rich and full life.